For over 50 years, since the development of the Pencil Rocket at the Institute of Industrial Science of the University of Tokyo, ISAS of JAXA, including its former organizations, the Institute of Space and Aeronautical Science of the University of Tokyo, the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science of the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, has developed and launched all-solid-propellant sounding rockets and satellite launch vehicles based on Japan's indigenous technology. Japan's high-performance sounding rockets and the scientific-satellite launch vehicles derived from sounding rocket technology, are highly evaluated worldwide along with their scientific achievements.