Main Objective:
Scientific Justification:
The most conspicuous manifestation of solar magnetism is the emergence of active regions (ARs) in the solar atmosphere. They appear as sunspots and facular regions at the photosphere and also involve all the overlying atmospheric layers.
Despite our overall knowledge about the AR formation and evolution, the understanding of a number of fine details of these processes are still missing. For instance, the process of penumbral formation has been very rarely observed at high resolution (e.g. Schlichenmaier et al. 2010). In addition, it is debated whether the occurrence of a variety of small-scale energy release phenomena, co-spatially detected in the upper atmosphere during flux emergence in ARs, may represent a source of heating for the Sun’s outer layers (e.g., Toriumi et al. 2017; Zhao et al. 2017; Tian et al. 2018). Finally, flux emergence in ARs is indicated among the main trigger mechanisms for solar flares, having a feedback effect on the morphology of ARs themselves via, e.g., coronal implosion (Hudson et al. 2008), and being able to trigger eruptive events.
We were awarded 10 days of GREGOR observations and we'd like to have coordinated observations with Hinode (and IRIS).
We have already seen that in the IRIS calendar our dates (31 july - 9 august) are occupied by SST coordinated observations. Still, the Hinode calendar is free for these dates. We aim to address the response of the solar atmosphere to emerging flux: umbra/penumbra formation, response of the upper layers, flaring events. |
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