TOP > Report & Column > The Forefront of Space Science > 2005 > Gravity-Adaptive Systems of Living Things on Earth
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Structurally dependent dynamics and the function of αB-crystallin In a myoblast with frequent αB-crystallin expression, tubulin/microtube (part of the cytoskeleton) and crystalline localization are well agreed (insert fig ref.). The tubulin and actin extracted from slow muscle with a high rate of αB-crystallin expression combine to form the primary ground substance. αB-crystallin functions as an effective molecular chaperone to constrain coagulation sedimentation by the thermal denaturation of tubulin. As a result of the investigation, the functional part was found on the C-terminal side where the “α-crystallin domain” common to sHSPs is present. It combines with MAPs that stabilize the microtube’s polymer, thus contributing to the stabilization of the microtube. Time-lapse images show that a cell with increasedαB-crystallin expression is dynamic but adheres without moving. After injecting anti-αB-crystallin antibody to the cell, however, it loses stability and an erratic motion arises. In a myoblast with frequent αB-crystallin expression, tubulin/microtube (part of the cytoskeleton) and crystalline localization are well agreed (insert fig ref.). The tubulin and actin extracted from slow muscle with a high rate of αB-crystallin expression combine to form the primary ground substance. αB-crystallin functions as an effective molecular chaperone to constrain coagulation sedimentation by the thermal denaturation of tubulin. As a result of the investigation, the functional part was found on the C-terminal side where the “α-crystallin domain” common to sHSPs is present. It combines with MAPs that stabilize the microtube’s polymer, thus contributing to the stabilization of the microtube. Time-lapse images show that a cell with increasedαB-crystallin expression is dynamic but adheres without moving. After injecting anti-αB-crystallin antibody to the cell, however, it loses stability and an erratic motion arises.
It is suggested that systems that cannot be realized simultaneously by non-life systems (such as form building, tension exertion, contraction/extension movement and combination with energy supply system) are dynamically constructed in cells by molecular complex synchronization. In addition, the following are suggested: the maintenance of cytoskeleton dynamics is essential for the tension-exertion system with high perpetual-motion-like adaptability; the molecular chaperoneαB-crystallin is an indispensable adaptive molecule in the system; environmental stimuli are important to provoke stress-protein expression, which tends increasingly toward activity dependence. The gravity-response mechanism in animals Living things work against gravity. The main method is intercellular, intersystem or individual-to-earth (i.e., “workplace”) tension exertion realized by anti-tension forces or the contraction of protein nanofibers constructed with depolymerizable protein polymers. When tension cannot be exerted, the cell cannot maintain its system, resulting in death. The genome has been decoded and overall analysis is underway. Just as the cytoskeleton gene is used as a control for comparison, the cytoskeleton is probably designed to remain mostly constant at gene level. We are losing the life-system point of view, which is very inevitable and constitutive, including life-science research related to space and gravity response. I hope that, at least in space research, our field of vision in the quest for the true nature of mankind living in space will widen to include the birth of space and the earth, and the nature of outer space and the earth (our own celestial body), and not be limited to non-life research. (Yoriko ATOMI)
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